'Using the comparison of these two texts as your starting point, explore the media issues and debates which they raise.'
The celebs on Sunday magazine was created five years ago as a slip out magazine to the tabloid the Daily Mirror to provide a topical and entertaining read on everything celebrity to a readership of young women. The producers of the magazine are using the cult of celebrity effect to pull in readers that want to know all about celebrities’ daily lives through their use of exclusives and interviews that act as headlines grabbers to the potential target market.
They emphasise on the amount of “everything celebrity” when readers find out about every aspect of celebrities lives both personally and professionally as they have sold the right to the magazine which highlights the current debate in society about whether jade goody was right to publicise her last couple of weeks before her death, while some thought that it was a good thing to do because she was making money for her children in the only way she knew how and raising awareness of cervical cancer at the same time many felt she should have kept it a personal affair with just her family.
This is connected to the overall debate that has been happening for years as to whether celebrities have a right to privacy considering the limelight that is on them 24-7 but all the financial incentives they have by showing the public all the features of their lives means that members of the public have very little sympathy for them. This issue was once raised when Catharine zeta Jones sold her wedding to the magazine OK a tradition that should be a personal occasion considered by the majority of the nation
The target markets that Celebs on Sunday are trying to reach through the use of the cult of celebrity are young aspiraitional c1, c2 and d females who have an interest in style and fashion and read the magazine for escapism in to celebrities’ lives to get away from their stresses of life. The fashion department's aim is to apply the principles of a glossy magazine such as smash hits in the past with a sophisticated look to attract higher classed audience as well as their prime current target market.
Celebs on Sunday online is the version on the internet that readers can assess for free which is partly the reason why magazines sales are decreasing every year which is becoming a big issue in the trades industry. It highlights how far technology has come since its early stages because the internet has developed in so many ways that it has become virtually impossible for the print industry to keep up. Also an issue that is raised with this subject is the current economic climate as people are becoming more tight with their money due to the credit crunch they would rather get read about celebrity news or fashion tips on the internet for free rather than having to pay the substantial amount of money for it.
Another issue that could be raise out of the public’s tendency to get their news from the internet as opposed to going to the shop and buying it is the increasing level of obesity in the country that is affecting almost half on the nation’s population, some of the magazines older readers don’t want to get up and go to shops whether by using transport of walking and alternatively use the magazines online version as a short cut to finding out what they want to know. The longer they do this the less active they will be and therefore harm themselves by not being as active as possible when they are growing up causing further obesity.
Each week the online version includes celebrity stories, star photographs, interviews, health and beauty tips and fashion features, it could be argued that they are using all these features to indoctrinate messages into young girl’s minds that they need these things to be complete in life and to find a boy/ man. The level of emphasis on the online site on beauty and fashion could suggest that they are trying to promote the idea to put pressure on girls to look good rather than using their brains which is becoming a big topic in society.
The front cover of the magazine displays has a picture of Kara tointon, she is represented as a figure that women should look up to through the usage of camera positioning making her look powerful and seem like she is looking down on you. The use of kara tointon (dawn in easterners) as a front page focus is used to persuade audiences that they would want to be like her, Kara is a woman that could be considered quite skinny which suggests that producers of the magazine are using her as a role model of how to look in the future which is promoting a more size zero look than anything else.
The increasing level of girl’s obesity of becoming size zero models is a big topic of discussion in society which is highlighted here by the magazines apparent ideology forced upon towards its audience by signifying that looking more thin is the way to be if you want to make it big in the showbiz industry. The colours used by the online version and the print copy are yellow and white which are two traditionally bright colours. They have used these colours to represent the main image of Kara tointon as being cheery so in effect they are trying to portray that the colours they use reflect her personality, it also reflects the good harmless nature of an ideology that the magazine wants to promote.
They have worked with photographers that have shot for famous institutions such as Nylon and Teen Vogue which shows how professional they are when it comes to meeting audience expectations of it being a glossy magazine, while the online version promotes a wide range of TV shows on the side of its screen promoting the TV industry this can be linked to business globalization because a massive share of the media industry is being promoting through use of other forms of media like indeed this magazine.
Friday 17 April 2009
Monday 5 January 2009
Med 1 preperation
M- The opening to the sitcom is filled with binary oppostions that set the poor and rich worlds apart. The 3 characters come from different parts of the usa with the two black brothers coming from a disadvantaged niehbourhood yet being poor is what brings the young civilians living thier together represented by the image of all the kids playing basketball with eachother. This also representes the idea childhood and youth in compasrion to all the big coaporations and buzy towns and cities with them playing with not much care or pressure on thier shoulders. The directors also want to create to feeling of the strong brother bond between the two young characters, this is symbolised by the older brother lifting his younger brother up to score a point suggesting the teamwork between them has helped eachother through past struggles.
After you get a glimpse of the poor side of town the adopting well off white father picks them up in his limo symbolising his riches and takes them to his house, as they look out the window they see all the aspects of the rich busy side of town creating a binary oppostion that paints a picture for what life is like for the average young black child and a white man in the 1970s
I- The NBC Televison network is available in an estimated 112 million households, or 98.6% of the Usa. NBC has 10 owned-and-operated stations and nearly 200 affiliates in the United States and its territories. It is a huge organisation in america and broadcasts a lot of sitcoms, because it is thier for american people to serve as thier entertainment they have to becareful they dont show content that could offend viewers but also content that is realistic and beilivable. This is a storyline that wouldnt be seen as the norm in america at the time and therefore probably why it was such a hit was because it offered something different to the american public
G- The genre of this is sitcom short for situation comedy, although the fact that its a sitcom isnt made clear by its opening the situation part of it is built up as the opening tells the storyline of the adoption. This is shown when the father gets out of the limo and waves to the children excitedly to come to him,this sets him up has the leading adult figure in the programme and therefore creates the situation of him and his two adpoted sons.
R- The majoirty of representation is on the black youth living in the deprived parts of america and what thier struggles were before they were adopted, there is also representation of how well off familes live daily and what thier attitudes are towards poorer people
A- The auidnece for the programme probably varies not just between age but also for survailaence purposes some young children aswell as teenagers may watch it for a sense of personal identification for before and after the characters adoption while others such as middle aged men and women may watch it for survailience as they may not live in either sort of world and may want to get an insight into what life is like for the people in those parts of the country.
I- An ideoligy that different strokes is promoting could be that everybody is equal no matter where you come from or how much money you have. This is also built in the captilistic view that thier is an order in society where the rich remain rich and the poor remain poor.
N- There are clues given about what the narrative is going to be for instance when they are showin different parts of the city compared to the rough part of town the boys are from. In addition thier facial expressions also display the types of roles they are going to play towards the narrative as they are smiley happy and excieted to be given an opportunity they proabably fought they would never get, but being brothers growing up in povety they are bound to get into trouble.
M- The setting for the scene is a house which becomes destryoed after the boy is finished with it. Everyday aspects of the house such as the frigde, mirror and wardrobe are all mistreated by the drunk character who strolls around damaning items like it is a normal thing when in actuallity he is in a drunken state. There are a number of close up shots to his notorious actions for instance when he is pulling his earing out or smashing his head on his bedroom mirror, this is done to empashsise the state he is in when under the influence of alcohol. As this doesnt confind to what is seen as the norm behavoiur and does conform to what is seen as bevhour when drunk the camera postining becomes closer when the character seems to physcially harm himself to hit the message home harder to the taret audience that are watching that this is not what they want to be doing to themselves. Their is a mixture of high key lighting and low key lighting on the character which could of been used to represent two sides to him when drunk one being the dark side to him which would be connotated by lazyness, mood swings and viscousness and then the more adventorous, adrenline fuelled fun loving side.
I- The instituion presenting this is the home office which will mean more time and effort would have been put on it as they have the reputation for being carers for the british public. It is thier duty to serve to public and so thier goal is not make a profit out of this like a buisness would try to do but instead to warn teenagers of the dangers they can do to themselves and others if drunk. The typical "night out" for a teenager would constiutute as them finshing the night drunk and unable to control thier actions this is reflected in the advert with the character giving no physical signs that he is in control of himself by doing things that would be bconsidred anti norm.
G- The genre of the advert will come under "raising awareness" when the sole purpose of the advert is to warn the target audience off something by giving them a example of reality of the situation happening to someone in hope that the target audiences heeds the message. Normally when adverts like this are shown producers show two sides of the story and relys on the audience being smart in deciding what is morally the right thing to do, however some adverts like this only show the bad side to binge drinking and not all the glamour of the adreline on the dance floor that teenagers are tempted to discover. It seems they dont want to offer inexperience teenagers the chance the see the exciting side of boozing by only showing the harmful effects on it.
R- The stereotypical teenager is being represented in this and specficily middle class white teenagers that are conforming to the history and culture of binge drinking from generations before. It is seen as a major problem amonsgt teenagers who cannot fight the temptation of "just one more drink" which ultimetely leads to them ending up in the state that the sole character ends up in. The role the chracter plays is the supposed "average teenager" if the moral panic created by the media is to be beilieved.
A- The audience is spilt into two sets with one being teenagers from about 14- 19 and parents with chirlden that age. It is being targeted at parents to show what teenagers can turn into after theyve had a few drinks and the danger they could pose to both themselves and other when under the infuence of booze. It is shown as a "reality check" to parents to make sure they warn thier chirlden to avoid being put in the same postion as the character plays. Teenagers themselves are the other set of audiences targeted and they two are split into to types, the first type being the teenagers who have yet to expeirence it and are intrested in finding out what is like to be so drunk because it is glamourised by mates so much. The other style of teenagers are the very expeirenced ones at binge drinking and the advert will be directly aimed at them as motivtation to curb thier exterme lifestyle before they get themsleves hurt or into trouble.
I- The message it tries to promote is the senile world teenagers face when binge drinking to a level not permitted at thier age, it warns about them loosing respect of thier peers, family, and the people who watch them make fools of themselves. Also that the drinking will physically harm them as it puts them in a psotion where they cannot look after themselves as they are in such a state.
N- The narrative of the advert is based on the "typical" story of what happens after a teenager gets home but the timings are reversed so the situation is happening at the beginning of the night when he is getting ready to go out as opposed to the end. When carrying out his actions one after each other in chronological order it symbolises each step he takes to becoming closer to getting to his bed but in opposite fashion getting to the front door that opens to the outside world which represents him becoming drunk
M- This music video represents all the materialstc things that are associated with a mans fantasy world such as fast cars money and women. It shows rap stars Fat joe and Lil Wayne rapping about what they have which is what the average man supposedly wishes for. Around them to create this illusion of paradise are women dancing over nice cars to symbolise the powerful postion the rappers are in as the apprently "own them"
Thier are aspects of the mise en scene that suggest the parchracal dominance in the video such as the materialsitcs possesions dispayed being mythically predomintly male associated such as cars,chains and desginger trainers rienfocing male dominance. At different stages of the video different sets of key lighting are used , at the beginning lil wayne and fat joe are together with brightlight in the background shining on them and thier money thus empahsising thier position within the narrative and what they are rapping about.
I- The video was produced by robot films which is owned by Nick Acacio which is known for producing hip hop videos like this in the past, thier values and attitudes towards women in the industry reflects the music and the message they are getting across through the video.
G- The genre of this is a typical hip hop video and has lots of codes and conventions that suggest this is the case such as the camera effects and close up shots on the oiled up aspects of the womens bodies, the promicsous impressions they give of through thier facial expressions make it obvious that these factors all play a part in audience pleasure which are the general accpetance of what Hip Hop is all about.
R- The low angle shots showing the men in powerful postions connotates dominance of them over the women, masculine urban rappers are being represented as powerful, dominant and in control whereas the women in the shots are represented as mentally weak to the temptation when money is thrown at them, "easy" to get ahold of and and willing to use their sexulailty to exploit weakness in males. It only seems like the females have been put in thier with no other purpose than to be an object of pleasure and desire for the man who is flashing the cash as a symbol that he is the hardworker making the money. The representation of the females shown could have a negative effect on the female teenage public who view the content and are easily maniplulated into thinking that is the way they should be.A-The Women shown being degraded to objects lower than the men by dancing around for money is being glamourised to the extent that brainwashed the target auidenece that was is happening is right and this is what they should aspire to be. The target audience are young urban teenagers who are into hip and idolise rappers as thier hereos. Majoritly black and social class falls into c1 c2 D and E, these are seen as easy targets by record labels to brainwash values and morals into because they are so sidtracked into becoming the next big thing in the music industry they beilieve that what ever the rappers do or say is right including thier attitudes towards women and the rock and roll dangerous lifestyle they live
I- The ideoligy the video promotes is that women are seen as objects and lower in society than men and the fact that this is being portrayed as a good thing or the norm by the rappers suggests they are happy to make sex sell even if it means sacrificing positive representations of females that are close to them such as mothers, daugters or wives.
N- The narrative of the music video doesnt evolve in anyway it just reapreadly reinstates the message it is trying to put out with the constant image of men with sunglasses throwing money around and on the dancing females like it is nothing to them.
Thursday 18 December 2008
Media essay( half completed)
'Using the comparison of these two texts as your starting point, explore the media issues and debates which they raise"
The exorcist is a well known and established movie which is regarded as one of the most scariest films in the horror genre of all time, for its era its a realistic film with limited the limited features and technology that was only on offer, it went on to become a corner stone for other movies and directors in the future for this type of genre as its violent graphic nature pushed horror into new dimensions of gruesomeness.
These new aspects of the horror genre at the time were new to companies that gave ratings to films such as BBFC and MPPA and also to audiences of the UK thus being the reason why the UK release set off controversy and outrage, this could be due to the fact it was a new experience that they weren't use to plus the fact it was making a direct reference to Satan (the devil) something which had not been done before and which was deemed socially unacceptable to screen. It even went as far as the movie being banned in some areas such as the contempt of disgust and shock to the ideologies the film was promoting which made the exorcists reputation even worse.
When dealing with material that was considered unbelievable at the time, there must be an aspect of truth that is sufficient enough to obtain for the audience to relate with as opposed to using their imagination because it only heightens the disbelief for the moment. The Exorcist revealed violations of codes put in place by rating authorities that pointed to the possible decrease of the film audience with violence contained in movies based purely on the shock response.
If you look through time then as society moves on so does acceptance of certain things and the movie ratings companies make reference to these changes on society when releasing certain content, this is why some things weren’t repeated from the original and some where built on this. Some of the scenes that occurred in the exorcists were not repeated because of the nature of the scenes and what they contained.
When comparing the modern version to the one with the old there are clear differences between the two this is mostly because they are separated by the two decades and the amount of technology in the 70s was limited as apposed to today’s Hollywood effect. The original mise en scene has obvious contrasts with the updated version as it with the lighting affects used during the new one a stark contrast to the dark gloomy effect the original has on you went first viewing.
The exorcist is a well known and established movie which is regarded as one of the most scariest films in the horror genre of all time, for its era its a realistic film with limited the limited features and technology that was only on offer, it went on to become a corner stone for other movies and directors in the future for this type of genre as its violent graphic nature pushed horror into new dimensions of gruesomeness.
These new aspects of the horror genre at the time were new to companies that gave ratings to films such as BBFC and MPPA and also to audiences of the UK thus being the reason why the UK release set off controversy and outrage, this could be due to the fact it was a new experience that they weren't use to plus the fact it was making a direct reference to Satan (the devil) something which had not been done before and which was deemed socially unacceptable to screen. It even went as far as the movie being banned in some areas such as the contempt of disgust and shock to the ideologies the film was promoting which made the exorcists reputation even worse.
When dealing with material that was considered unbelievable at the time, there must be an aspect of truth that is sufficient enough to obtain for the audience to relate with as opposed to using their imagination because it only heightens the disbelief for the moment. The Exorcist revealed violations of codes put in place by rating authorities that pointed to the possible decrease of the film audience with violence contained in movies based purely on the shock response.
If you look through time then as society moves on so does acceptance of certain things and the movie ratings companies make reference to these changes on society when releasing certain content, this is why some things weren’t repeated from the original and some where built on this. Some of the scenes that occurred in the exorcists were not repeated because of the nature of the scenes and what they contained.
When comparing the modern version to the one with the old there are clear differences between the two this is mostly because they are separated by the two decades and the amount of technology in the 70s was limited as apposed to today’s Hollywood effect. The original mise en scene has obvious contrasts with the updated version as it with the lighting affects used during the new one a stark contrast to the dark gloomy effect the original has on you went first viewing.
Friday 28 November 2008
BBFC Questions
1. From where does the BBFC get its funding?
A- They are funded out of fees from distributors for the ratings that they provide
2. What types of texts do the BBFC classify?
A- The BBFC classify films but now recently have started to do it with videoes aswell
3. What are the problems / issues that the BBFC must deal with when classifying material? Look at the types of things they classify, ability to account for all types of content, changing context etc?
A- They deal with problems such as voilence, rape, sexual assualt aswell as extremes of human experience that are uncomfotable and serious issues in sosicety right now like medical operations, attacks on animals and real life executions.
4. Note the range of classification categories and what they mean
U-It is impossible to predict what might upset any particular child. But a ‘U’ film should be suitable for audiences aged four years and over. U films should be set within a positive moral framework and should offer reassuring counterbalances to any violence, threat or horror.
Videos classified 'Uc' are particularly suitable for pre-school children and normally raise none of the issues set out below.
PG- Mild bad language only, natural nudity, with no sexual context and moderate violence justified by its setting (eg historic, comedy or fantasy).
A. 12 A- Suitable for 12 years and over. No-one younger than 12 may see a ‘12A’ film in a cinema unless accompanied by an adult
12- No-one younger than 12 may rent or buy a ‘12’ rated video or DVD. Responsibility for allowing under-12s to view lies with the accompanying or supervising adult.
15- There may be frequent use of strong language (eg 'fuck'). But the strongest terms (eg 'cunt') will be acceptable only where justified by the context. Continued aggressive use of the strongest language is unlikely to be acceptable
18- No-one younger than 18 may see an ‘18’ film in a cinema. No-one younger than 18 may rent or buy an ‘18’ rated video. Where material or treatment appears to the Board to risk harm to individuals or, through their behaviour, to society – e.g. any detailed portrayal of violent or dangerous acts, or of illegal drug use, which is likely to promote the activity.
5. Look at how different themes /content within texts are classified. Make notes. Why might a DVD featuring content of skateboarders and BMX bikers performing dangerous stunts be classified as 18 but a film containing a sex scene and use of the ‘f’ word only get a 15 rating?
A- They are funded out of fees from distributors for the ratings that they provide
2. What types of texts do the BBFC classify?
A- The BBFC classify films but now recently have started to do it with videoes aswell
3. What are the problems / issues that the BBFC must deal with when classifying material? Look at the types of things they classify, ability to account for all types of content, changing context etc?
A- They deal with problems such as voilence, rape, sexual assualt aswell as extremes of human experience that are uncomfotable and serious issues in sosicety right now like medical operations, attacks on animals and real life executions.
4. Note the range of classification categories and what they mean
U-It is impossible to predict what might upset any particular child. But a ‘U’ film should be suitable for audiences aged four years and over. U films should be set within a positive moral framework and should offer reassuring counterbalances to any violence, threat or horror.
Videos classified 'Uc' are particularly suitable for pre-school children and normally raise none of the issues set out below.
PG- Mild bad language only, natural nudity, with no sexual context and moderate violence justified by its setting (eg historic, comedy or fantasy).
A. 12 A- Suitable for 12 years and over. No-one younger than 12 may see a ‘12A’ film in a cinema unless accompanied by an adult
12- No-one younger than 12 may rent or buy a ‘12’ rated video or DVD. Responsibility for allowing under-12s to view lies with the accompanying or supervising adult.
15- There may be frequent use of strong language (eg 'fuck'). But the strongest terms (eg 'cunt') will be acceptable only where justified by the context. Continued aggressive use of the strongest language is unlikely to be acceptable
18- No-one younger than 18 may see an ‘18’ film in a cinema. No-one younger than 18 may rent or buy an ‘18’ rated video. Where material or treatment appears to the Board to risk harm to individuals or, through their behaviour, to society – e.g. any detailed portrayal of violent or dangerous acts, or of illegal drug use, which is likely to promote the activity.
5. Look at how different themes /content within texts are classified. Make notes. Why might a DVD featuring content of skateboarders and BMX bikers performing dangerous stunts be classified as 18 but a film containing a sex scene and use of the ‘f’ word only get a 15 rating?
The BBFC's current guidelines identify a number of specific areas of concern which are considered when awarding certificates or requiring cuts. These are theme, language i.e. profanity, nudity, sex, violence, sexual violence,harmful actions. The BBFC also continues to demand cuts of any material which it considers may breach the provisions of the obscene publications act or any other legislation. Some of these materials in films that are in 15 rated one like sexual activity might not breach the pulbications act and thats why its rated at 15 compared to possibly lighter ones like bike moves that are rated at 18.
6 . Why might a film be given a rating of 15 upon release at the cinema but 10 years later be classified as a 12?
This may be the case through the change, creation or updatification of a law that perhaps either bands or allows new things that creep into the film instusty. Maybe the film indsutry acts on social and economical links like reacting to what the public views as acceptable or unacceptable and putting that into effect by the classification of films. For instance showing a robbery on screen in front of kids maybe of been viewed as non thinkable nowadays but widely accepted in the past .
7. Who is responsible for classifying films in the USA? How has this changed over time?
The Motion Picture Association of America (MPPA) is the instituion that is resposonsible for classifying films in America. Thier was a period of time during the 1960s that young films makers getting into the industry and producing films of gross nature which was before the creation of the MPPA but after the studio systems of the 1940s so in between both. They included sex, voilence and drug use which made other classfication industires become stricter towards these types of films.
8. Canis Canem Edit (2006, Rockstar)b. Crash (1996, David Cronenberg)c. A Clockwork Orange (1971, Stanley Kubrick)d. Fight Club (1999, David Fincher)e. Lara Croft: Tomb Raider (2001, Simon West)f. Sweet Sixteen (2002, Ken Loach)g. The Last Temptation of Christ (1988, Martin Scorcese)h. The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974, Tobe Hooper)
Is the role of the BBFC simply to classify material to provide guidance or is its role that of a censor?
I think its a bit of both really considering thier history and the laws that they consider when instating new censorships. They classify material on the basis of views from society and have also been given powers to censor what they like so if they are acting on the widely accpeted wishes of the public then they are acting as a censor in attemtping to cut down on the gross nature exploited to innaporiate aged chirlden.
When they classify the different aged ratings they are based on the nature of the content which sometimes they have a national duty to censor if the material ever over steps the mark for a certain age group. They supposedly have the parents and chrildens bests intrests at heart and so must act on those and censor if neccisary so they arent just thier to provide guidnence but also act as a reliable censor to the public thier are serving.
Wednesday 12 November 2008
Magazine cover analysis
When talking about the representation of women I am going to be using the examples of the two respective magazines OK and VOGUE talking about their similarities , differences , values and ideologies.
Contrasting styles
Neither magazine will claim to have a niche market amongst their audiences because of the interests and contexts they are portraying to their target readers through the women they have used for promoting their respective magazines. Both have famous women who have been in the media limelight for more than enough time to class them as famous or celebrities, on the one hand their is Britney spears who had a career as a pop star but fell from grace and ever since then the media has been exploiting every bad aspect of her life, while on the other side their is Kera knightly is a successful movie actress who has maintained her success by revelling in the public eye and media coverage.
OK uses Britney spears in a bikini on a holiday beach to attract an audience who are interested in celebrities and are deemed mostly a social lower class in contrast to magazine vogue who specify in giving their audience a more classier feel about fashion.
Looking at the two magazine covers you can tell by the two women’s characteristics why the magazine have chosen them to headline them, by reducing Britney spears to half nakedness demeans her as it suggests it is her body and looks that sell and not her brains that attract readers, however with vogue they get a stylish smart and independent actress to cover the front of their magazine with only a slight hint of nudity but this is to make the dress sexy yet smart. She is being treated as a role model to professional women who don’t want to have to do anything degrading to get into top industries.
In addition the layout of the magazines are very different as vogue adopts a more stylish and formal approach to go along with the matching characteristics of kera knightly and OK go for a more celeb styled, colourful and entertaining look. Vogue saw net profit by revenue rise 6.8 per approximately $1.4 billion and OK magazine sells a million copies a week, making profit on certain issues.
They both do so on portraying celebrities like these and so their choices of them seem justified because they attract their audiences successfully , one does it through exposure of women’s bodies while the other does it on their personality features.
Contrasting styles
Neither magazine will claim to have a niche market amongst their audiences because of the interests and contexts they are portraying to their target readers through the women they have used for promoting their respective magazines. Both have famous women who have been in the media limelight for more than enough time to class them as famous or celebrities, on the one hand their is Britney spears who had a career as a pop star but fell from grace and ever since then the media has been exploiting every bad aspect of her life, while on the other side their is Kera knightly is a successful movie actress who has maintained her success by revelling in the public eye and media coverage.
OK uses Britney spears in a bikini on a holiday beach to attract an audience who are interested in celebrities and are deemed mostly a social lower class in contrast to magazine vogue who specify in giving their audience a more classier feel about fashion.
Looking at the two magazine covers you can tell by the two women’s characteristics why the magazine have chosen them to headline them, by reducing Britney spears to half nakedness demeans her as it suggests it is her body and looks that sell and not her brains that attract readers, however with vogue they get a stylish smart and independent actress to cover the front of their magazine with only a slight hint of nudity but this is to make the dress sexy yet smart. She is being treated as a role model to professional women who don’t want to have to do anything degrading to get into top industries.
In addition the layout of the magazines are very different as vogue adopts a more stylish and formal approach to go along with the matching characteristics of kera knightly and OK go for a more celeb styled, colourful and entertaining look. Vogue saw net profit by revenue rise 6.8 per approximately $1.4 billion and OK magazine sells a million copies a week, making profit on certain issues.
They both do so on portraying celebrities like these and so their choices of them seem justified because they attract their audiences successfully , one does it through exposure of women’s bodies while the other does it on their personality features.
plan for essay
COSMO MAGAZINE
M
Light on toned body almost exposing parts of her breasts, is glamorous and sexy dress to go along with Strong happy pose giving off vibe that she is both independent and in control of what she is doing yet still sexy while being this. Positioning on the front cover gives her centre stage and all attention lavished on her as the magazine attempts to grab its audience and mantain that interest, also the way she is looking down on the reader suggest the intention of power the creators are trying to give off . She is centre of the male gaze by the clothes and expressions that connotes loves, happiness and above all glamorous and stylish
I
Cosmopolitan have wides ranges of similar style magazines which would include the same codes, conventions and features including colour, glamour and gossip. They want to embrace this sense of cultural identify amongst their brands by hiring someone like beyonce who gives them an image of what their Target audience aspire to be, these features of what they aspire to be match the institutions characteristics for being stylish sophistaced and sexy.
G
Female gossip, advice, and fashion magazine that helps its target audience personally rather than professionally in some areas like questionnaires and question and answer sessions, the magazines layout suggests these by their laid back informal narrative
R
Representing young, nice looking and above all successful females that have already established themselves in their particular industry.
A
Primary audience would be young girls aspiring to be like beyonce and go into the music or fashion industry and eventually become successful, their is also a possibly a secondary audience of middle aged woman wanting to remain youthful or need help finding ways to please their men as the cover displays different individual helping articles for women. The class ranges from A to C2 with the only difference between the classes being the confidence each women has about buying and taking notes from the magazine.
I
Two ideologies can be give off when viewing the Cosmo magazine , one is the constant reminder of the male gaze and the barrage of in your face sex sells that is one way of looking at it to active readers, passive however could see it as a mag that helps you better yourself and become more sexually confident
N
Lots of informal writing and headlines that are mind grabbers but don't talk about important things.
HEAT MAGAZINE
Plans key points
Laura Mulvey- male gaze
Historical/ soocial from shep- woman not always represented like they are in todays industry
Both- sending out less important messages to society and have captalist ideoliges
M
Light on toned body almost exposing parts of her breasts, is glamorous and sexy dress to go along with Strong happy pose giving off vibe that she is both independent and in control of what she is doing yet still sexy while being this. Positioning on the front cover gives her centre stage and all attention lavished on her as the magazine attempts to grab its audience and mantain that interest, also the way she is looking down on the reader suggest the intention of power the creators are trying to give off . She is centre of the male gaze by the clothes and expressions that connotes loves, happiness and above all glamorous and stylish
I
Cosmopolitan have wides ranges of similar style magazines which would include the same codes, conventions and features including colour, glamour and gossip. They want to embrace this sense of cultural identify amongst their brands by hiring someone like beyonce who gives them an image of what their Target audience aspire to be, these features of what they aspire to be match the institutions characteristics for being stylish sophistaced and sexy.
G
Female gossip, advice, and fashion magazine that helps its target audience personally rather than professionally in some areas like questionnaires and question and answer sessions, the magazines layout suggests these by their laid back informal narrative
R
Representing young, nice looking and above all successful females that have already established themselves in their particular industry.
A
Primary audience would be young girls aspiring to be like beyonce and go into the music or fashion industry and eventually become successful, their is also a possibly a secondary audience of middle aged woman wanting to remain youthful or need help finding ways to please their men as the cover displays different individual helping articles for women. The class ranges from A to C2 with the only difference between the classes being the confidence each women has about buying and taking notes from the magazine.
I
Two ideologies can be give off when viewing the Cosmo magazine , one is the constant reminder of the male gaze and the barrage of in your face sex sells that is one way of looking at it to active readers, passive however could see it as a mag that helps you better yourself and become more sexually confident
N
Lots of informal writing and headlines that are mind grabbers but don't talk about important things.
HEAT MAGAZINE
M
Like Cosmo this magazine is informal and only after celebrities stories to attract their audience, on their front cover they display 3 big Hollywood females that are positioned in the centre a with smiles on their faces suggesting the aura of power and success that they have gained. They use these 3 to pull in target audiences who are interested in hairstyle and make up and use them as role models for what the target audience should aspire to be due to thier fame and popularity By using 3 big female stars it sends out a message of "I've made it and if you be like me you can make it too" . In addition they show 3 exclusives within the media industry to draw attention n to perhaps a secondary source who aren't into their main subject of hairstyling , by giving them sneak previews of whats inside it draws the readers into it making them want to purchase it and read on.
I
This in similarity to Cosmo is a very strongly based feminine magazine as it has aspects that females like and can relate to such as body parts something which women tend to dwell and make a bigger deal of and gossip. This relates to Shep and the historical and social concept that women care much more about their appearance then males do.
G
This genre is celeb culture dominated and female biased as well with the lack of males on the cover. Hugh grant gets a section in the corner while the man behind little Moe from Easterners is only in the background of the centre staged actress.
R
Represents celebrities as glossy friendly and role models this is why they have been all put on the magazine with smiling poses giving off happy and cheerful impressions
A
The audience for this magazine will probably be teenagers of 14 to young women aged 26/27 who want to know about fashion and the latest happenings in the celeb world as they might want to be in that industry one day. Their class will be from B, C1, C2 to D, some Bs will still be interested in what is happening despite them being see as generally smarter than the classes below.
I
The values and ideologies posed by the magazine our that celeb culture is important to young girls in trying to shape them up into being young women, with the female celebs being the role models to lead the way for them
N
Even more informal then Cosmo as they attempt to dumb down their narrative to try and reach out to lower class audiences
Plans key points
Laura Mulvey- male gaze
Historical/ soocial from shep- woman not always represented like they are in todays industry
Both- sending out less important messages to society and have captalist ideoliges
Thursday 25 September 2008
Instituiton - ITV
ITV is the biggest commercial television network in the UK, broadcasting the most talked about television and making a major contribution to the UK’s culture, economy and communities. The ITV Network is made up of 15 regional licences, providing television to viewers across the UK. 11 of the licences in England and Wales are owned by ITV Plc, formed in 2004 following the merger of Carlton and Granada. SMG owns the two Scottish licences, Scottish Television and Grampian; UTV and Channel Television own the licences for Northern Ireland and the Channel Islands respectively.
ITV Network is responsible for the commissioning, scheduling and marketing of network programmes on ITV1. Programmes from ITV are provided by ITV’s in house production unit and by the independent sector. Network programming covers a full range of genres, including drama, entertainment, news, current affairs factual, sport and children’s programming. This ensures that viewers right across the UK are able to share in viewing some of the UK’s favourite programmes. It is also responsible for advertising sales on ITV1 across the UK.
The obligations placed on ITV by the communications regulator Ofcom are contained in our licences to broadcast. For more information about each of the licences that make up the ITV
ITV plc also owns the digital channel portfolio - ITV2, ITV3, ITV4, CiTV. ITV Plc also provides a range of new media and interactive services via the internet, mobile phones and broadband
History timeline of ITV
1969
TV Services founded. Black and white only. Didn't switch to a full-color NTSC facilityuntil the mid 70s.
1978
It changed from 1" reel-to-reel analog videotape format to ¾" U-Matic analog format.
1985
ITV added satellite downlink facilities to record programs from all over the world. Graphics changed to become all electronic. Originally graphics were produced by hand by the graphics department and shot with a camera.
1986
On Feb. 3, ITV went on the air for cable TV with the first program. Only aired four hours a day on one channel.
1988
They acquired a second channel from the Montgomery County government.
1991
Studio and field cameras changed from pickup-tube based to CCD-based (charge-coupled device/solid state).
1993
ITV began with a DOS-based computer and green monochrome screen at our desks.
1997
Editing made a major change from tape-based linear (machine-to-machine) to computer-based nonlinear.
1999
Playback of programs changed from old ¾" U-matic analog tape to a robotic DVCPro digital tape-based system and will soon change partially to a digital playout server later this summer in 2003. We now transmit our programs on the air to Comcast Cable via fiber optic cable on Channels 33 and 34; previously we transmitted using RF coax on Channels 52 and 60.
2001
ITV now had better computers and began streaming programs from the web.
2002
Now using third-generation CCD cameras. ITV have DVD record and playback capabilities. This is useful for archiving programs and providing opportunities in the immediate future for DVD authoring of programs.
2004
Media storage and archiving, previously tape-based, migrated to a digital server.
2005
Adds additional state-of-the-art Final Cut Pro Editing Suites. Creates a family friendly, Saturday children’s line-up of programs called MCPS Kids!
2006
Technological and creative improvements in our studio and control room allow ITV to create awaard winning t.v programs for Montgomery County Public Schools.
The texts that ITV brooadcast include
England highlights
Dancing on ice
Corronation street
X factor
Emmerdale
ITV News
ITV Network is responsible for the commissioning, scheduling and marketing of network programmes on ITV1. Programmes from ITV are provided by ITV’s in house production unit and by the independent sector. Network programming covers a full range of genres, including drama, entertainment, news, current affairs factual, sport and children’s programming. This ensures that viewers right across the UK are able to share in viewing some of the UK’s favourite programmes. It is also responsible for advertising sales on ITV1 across the UK.
The obligations placed on ITV by the communications regulator Ofcom are contained in our licences to broadcast. For more information about each of the licences that make up the ITV
ITV plc also owns the digital channel portfolio - ITV2, ITV3, ITV4, CiTV. ITV Plc also provides a range of new media and interactive services via the internet, mobile phones and broadband
History timeline of ITV
1969
TV Services founded. Black and white only. Didn't switch to a full-color NTSC facilityuntil the mid 70s.
1978
It changed from 1" reel-to-reel analog videotape format to ¾" U-Matic analog format.
1985
ITV added satellite downlink facilities to record programs from all over the world. Graphics changed to become all electronic. Originally graphics were produced by hand by the graphics department and shot with a camera.
1986
On Feb. 3, ITV went on the air for cable TV with the first program. Only aired four hours a day on one channel.
1988
They acquired a second channel from the Montgomery County government.
1991
Studio and field cameras changed from pickup-tube based to CCD-based (charge-coupled device/solid state).
1993
ITV began with a DOS-based computer and green monochrome screen at our desks.
1997
Editing made a major change from tape-based linear (machine-to-machine) to computer-based nonlinear.
1999
Playback of programs changed from old ¾" U-matic analog tape to a robotic DVCPro digital tape-based system and will soon change partially to a digital playout server later this summer in 2003. We now transmit our programs on the air to Comcast Cable via fiber optic cable on Channels 33 and 34; previously we transmitted using RF coax on Channels 52 and 60.
2001
ITV now had better computers and began streaming programs from the web.
2002
Now using third-generation CCD cameras. ITV have DVD record and playback capabilities. This is useful for archiving programs and providing opportunities in the immediate future for DVD authoring of programs.
2004
Media storage and archiving, previously tape-based, migrated to a digital server.
2005
Adds additional state-of-the-art Final Cut Pro Editing Suites. Creates a family friendly, Saturday children’s line-up of programs called MCPS Kids!
2006
Technological and creative improvements in our studio and control room allow ITV to create awaard winning t.v programs for Montgomery County Public Schools.
The texts that ITV brooadcast include
England highlights
Dancing on ice
Corronation street
X factor
Emmerdale
ITV News
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